Significations et usages de Let_It_Be_(film)

Let It Be
Theatrical release poster (US)
Directed by	Michael Lindsay-Hogg
Produced by	Neil Aspinall The Beatles (executive)
Starring	The Beatles Billy Preston Mal Evans Yoko Ono George Martin
Music by	John Lennon Paul McCartney George Harrison Ringo Starr
Cinematography	Anthony B. Richmond
Editing by	Tony Lenny
Studio	Apple Films
Distributed by	United Artists
Release date(s)	13 May 1970 (1970-05-13TUS) 20 May 1970 (1970-05-20TUK)
Running time	81 minutes
Country	United Kingdom
Language	English

Let It Be is a 1970 documentary film about The Beatles rehearsing and recording songs for the album Let It Be in January 1969. The film features an unannounced rooftop concert by the group, their last performance in public. Released just after the album, it was the final original Beatles release.

The film was originally planned as a television documentary which would accompany a concert broadcast. When plans for a broadcast were dropped, the project became a feature film. Although the film does not dwell on the dissension within the group at the time, it provides some glimpses into the dynamics that would lead to The Beatles' break-up.

The film has not been officially available since the 1980s, although original and bootleg copies of home video releases still circulate. The film's director Michael Lindsay-Hogg has stated that the film may be released on DVD and Blu-ray sometime in 2013.^[1]

  Plot

The film observes The Beatles (John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr) from a "fly on the wall" perspective, without narration, scene titles, or interviews with the main subjects. The first portion of the film shows the band rehearsing on a sound stage at Twickenham Film Studios. The songs are works in progress, with discussions among themselves about ways to improve them. At one point, McCartney and Harrison have an uncomfortable exchange, with McCartney criticising a guitar riff played by Harrison on "Two of Us." Harrison responds: "I'll play whatever you want me to play, or I won't play at all if you don't want to me to play. Whatever it is that will please you, I'll do it." Also appearing are Mal Evans, providing the hammer blows on "Maxwell's Silver Hammer", and Yoko Ono, dancing with Lennon.

The Beatles are then shown individually arriving at Apple headquarters, where they begin the studio recording process with Harrison singing "For You Blue" while Lennon plays slide guitar. Starr and Harrison are shown working on the structure for "Octopus's Garden" and then demonstrating it for George Martin. Billy Preston accompanies the band on impromptu renditions of several rock and roll covers, as well as Lennon's improvised jam "Dig It," while Linda Eastman's daughter Heather plays around the studio. Lennon is shown listening uninterestedly as McCartney expresses his concern about the band's inclination to stay confined to the recording studio. The Beatles conclude their studio work with complete performances of "Two of Us," "Let It Be", and "The Long and Winding Road".

For the final portion of the film, The Beatles and Preston are shown giving an unannounced concert from the studio rooftop. They perform "Get Back," "Don't Let Me Down," "I've Got a Feeling," "One After 909," and "Dig a Pony," intercut with reactions and comments from surprised Londoners gathering on the streets below. The police eventually make their way to the roof and try to bring the show to a close, as the show was disrupting businesses' lunch hour nearby. This prompts some ad-libbed lyrical asides from McCartney: during the second performance of 'Get Back,' he sings, "Get back, Loretta ... you've been out too long, Loretta ... you've been playing on the roofs again ... and your mummy doesn't like that ... it makes her angry ... she's gonna have you arrested! Get back, Loretta!". In response to the applause from the people on the rooftop after the final song, McCartney says, "Thanks Mo!" (to Ringo's wife Maureen) and Lennon quips, "I'd like to say 'thank you' on behalf of the group and ourselves, and I hope we passed the audition!"^[2]

  Production

  Concept

After the stressful sessions for The Beatles (the "White Album") wrapped up in October 1968, McCartney concluded that the group needed to return to their roots for their next project. The plan was to give a live performance featuring new songs, broadcast as a television special and recorded for release as an album. (At one point McCartney considered launching a tour; however, the idea was quickly shot down by the other members.) Unlike their recent albums, their new material would be designed to work well in concert, without the benefit of overdubs or other recording tricks.^[3]

Many ideas were floated concerning the location of the concert. Conventional venues such as The Roundhouse in London were discussed, but they also considered more unusual locations such as a disused flour mill and an ocean liner. The location that received the most consideration was a Roman amphitheatre in North Africa. None of the ideas garnered unanimous enthusiasm and with time limited by Starr's upcoming commitment to the film The Magic Christian, it was agreed to start rehearsals without a firm decision on the concert location.^[4]

Denis O'Dell, head of Apple's film division, suggested filming the rehearsals in 16 mm for use as a separate "Beatles at Work" television documentary which would supplement the concert broadcast.^[4] To facilitate filming, rehearsals would take place at Twickenham Film Studios in London. Michael Lindsay-Hogg was hired as the director, having previously worked with The Beatles on promotional films for "Paperback Writer", "Rain", "Hey Jude" and "Revolution".

  Filming

The Beatles assembled at Twickenham Film Studios on 2 January 1969, accompanied by the film crew, and began rehearsing. Cameraman Les Parrott recalled: "My brief on the first day was to 'shoot The Beatles.' The sound crew instructions were to roll/record from the moment the first Beatle appeared and to record sound all day until the last one left. We had two cameras and just about did the same thing."^[5] The cold and austere conditions at Twickenham, along with nearly constant filming and sessions starting much earlier than the Beatles' preferred schedule, constrained creativity and exacerbated tensions within the group. The sessions were later described by Harrison as "the low of all-time" and by Lennon as "hell ... the most miserable sessions on earth."^[6]

The infamous exchange between McCartney and Harrison occurred on Monday, 6 January.^[7] Around lunchtime on Friday, 10 January, tensions came to a head and Harrison told the others that he was leaving the band.^[8] This entire episode is omitted from the film.^[9] He later recalled: "I thought, 'I'm quite capable of being happy on my own, and if I'm not able to be happy in this situation I'm getting out of here.' So I got my guitar and went home and that afternoon wrote 'Wah-Wah'."^[10] Rehearsals and filming continued for a few more sessions; the finished film only used a small amount of footage from this period, namely a boogie-woogie piano duet by McCartney and Starr,^[11] although it was included in a way such that Harrison's absence was not apparent.

  Former Apple Building, 3 Savile Row, 2007

At a meeting on 15 January, Harrison agreed to return with the conditions that elaborate concert plans be dropped and that work would resume at Apple's new recording studio. At this point, with the concert broadcast idea abandoned, it was decided that the footage being shot would be used to make a feature film.^[4] Filming resumed on 21 January at the basement studio inside Apple headquarters on Savile Row in London.^[12] Harrison invited keyboardist Billy Preston to the studio to play electric piano and organ.^[4] Harrison recalled that when Preston joined them, "straight away there was 100% improvement in the vibe in the room. Having this fifth person was just enough to cut the ice that we'd created among ourselves."^[13] Filming continued each day for the rest of January.

During the sessions, the Beatles played many songs that were not featured in the film. Some would end up on Abbey Road ("I Want You (She's So Heavy)," "She Came in Through the Bathroom Window"); others were destined for future albums by McCartney ("The Back Seat of My Car," "Teddy Boy," "Every Night"), Lennon ("Gimme Some Truth," "Child of Nature" – later reworked as "Jealous Guy"), and Harrison ("All Things Must Pass," "Isn't It a Pity"). The group also experimented with some of their previous songs ("Love Me Do," "Help!," "Lady Madonna," "You Can't Do That") and played "I Lost My Little Girl" – which was the first song written by McCartney, when he was 14.^[14]

Trying to come up with a conclusion for the film, it was suggested that the band play an unannounced lunchtime concert on the roof of the Apple building. On 30 January, The Beatles with Preston played on the rooftop in the cold wind for 42 minutes, about half of which ended up in the film. The Beatles started with a rehearsal of "Get Back," then played the five songs which are shown in the film. After repeating "I've Got a Feeling" and "Don't Let Me Down," takes which were left out of the film, the Beatles are shown in the film closing with another pass at "Get Back" as the police arrive to shut down the show. On the 31st, the last day of filming and recording, the Beatles reconvened in the Apple building's basement studio. They played complete performances of "Two of Us," "The Long and Winding Road," and "Let It Be," which were included in the film as the end of the Apple studio segment, before the closing rooftop segment.^[15]

  Post-production

A rough cut of the movie was screened for The Beatles on 20 July 1969. Lindsay-Hogg recalled that the rough cut was about an hour longer than the released version: "There was much more stuff of John and Yoko, and the other three didn't really think that was appropriate because they wanted to make it a 'nicer' movie. They didn't want to have a lot of the dirty laundry, so a lot of it was cut down."^[16] After viewing the released version, Lennon said he felt that "the camera work was set up to show Paul and not to show anybody else" and that "the people that cut it, cut it as 'Paul is God' and we're just lyin' around ..."^[16]

Lindsay-Hogg omitted any reference to Harrison leaving the sessions and temporarily quitting the group, but managed to keep some of the interpersonal strains in the final cut, including the McCartney/Harrison exchange which he had captured by deliberately placing the cameras where they would not be noticed. He also retained the scene that he described as "the back of Paul's head as he's yammering on and John looks like he's about to die from boredom."^[17]

In early 1970 it was decided to change the planned name of the film and the associated album from Get Back to Let It Be, matching the group's March 1970 single release. The final version of the film was blown-up from full-frame 16 mm to 35 mm film for theatrical release, which increased the film's graininess. To create the wider theatrical aspect ratio, the top and bottom of the frame was cropped, necessitating the repositioning of every single shot for optimum picture composition.

  Soundtrack

While the album Let It Be contains many of the song titles featured in the film, in most cases they are different performances. The film has additional songs not included on the album.

The following songs are listed in the order of their first appearance, with songwriting credited to Lennon–McCartney except where noted.

• "Paul's Piano Intro"
  • based on "Adagio for Strings" (Samuel Barber),^[18] and titled "Paul's Piano Piece" on Let It Be... Naked
• "Don't Let Me Down"
• "Maxwell's Silver Hammer"^[19]
• "Two of Us"^[20]
• "I've Got a Feeling"^[21][22]
• "Oh! Darling"
• "One After 909"
• "Jazz Piano Song" (McCartney/Starkey)^[23]
• "Across the Universe"^[24]
• "Dig a Pony"^[24]
• "Suzy Parker" (Lennon/McCartney/Harrison/Starkey)^[22]
• "I Me Mine" (Harrison)^[25][26]
• "For You Blue" (Harrison)^[27]
• "Bésame Mucho" (Consuelo Velázquez/Sunny Skylar)^[28]
• "Octopus's Garden" (Starkey)^[29]
• "You've Really Got a Hold on Me" (Smokey Robinson)^[30]
• "The Long and Winding Road"^[31]
• Medley:
  • "Rip It Up" (Robert Blackwell/John Marascalco)
  • "Shake Rattle and Roll" (Jesse Stone, under his working name Charles E. Calhoun)^[32]
• Medley:
  • "Kansas City" (Jerry Leiber/Mike Stoller)^[33]
  • "Miss Ann" (Richard Penniman/Enotris Johnson)
  • "Lawdy Miss Clawdy" (Lloyd Price)^[33]
• "Dig It"^[34]
• "Let It Be"
• "Get Back"

  Release and reception

The world premiere of the film was in New York City on 13 May 1970. One week later, UK premieres were held at the Liverpool Gaumont Cinema and the London Pavilion. None of The Beatles attended any of the premieres.^[35] The Beatles won an Oscar for Let It Be in the category "Original Song Score", which Quincy Jones accepted on their behalf. The soundtrack also won a Grammy for "Best Original Score".^[36]

Initial reviews were generally unfavorable; the British press were especially critical,^[3] with The Sunday Telegraph commenting that "it is only incidentally that we glimpse anything about their real characters—the way in which music now seems to be the only unifying force holding them together, and the way Paul McCartney chatters incessantly even when, it seems, none of the others are listening."^[35] TIME said that "rock scholars and Beatles fans will be enthralled" while others may consider it only a "mildly enjoyable documentary newsreel."^[37]

Later reviews were more favourable, although rarely glowing, as the historical significance of the film's content factored into critics' assessments. Leonard Maltin rated the film as 3 out of 4 stars, calling it "uneven" and "draggy", but "rescued" by The Beatles' music.^[38] The TLA Video & DVD Guide, also rating it as 3 out of 4 stars, described the film as a "fascinating look at the final days of the world's most famous rock group, punctuated by The Beatles' great songs and the legendary 'rooftop' concert sequence. ... It is important viewing for all music fans."^[39] Rotten Tomatoes reported that 75% of twelve critics' reviews were positive; user reviews were 86% positive.^[40]

Lindsay-Hogg told Entertainment Weekly in 2003 that reception to Let It Be within the Beatles camp was "mixed";^[17] he believes McCartney and Lennon both liked the film, while Harrison disliked it due to the fact that "it represented a time in his life when he was unhappy ... It was a time when he very much was trying to get out from under the thumb of Lennon–McCartney."^[17]

  Home media

The film was released on VHS video, RCA SelectaVision videodisc and laserdisc in the early 1980s, but became out of print within a few years. The transfer to video was not considered high quality; in particular, the already-cropped theatrical version was again cropped to a 4:3 aspect ratio for television (see pan and scan). The lack of availability has prompted considerable bootlegging of the film, first on VHS and later on DVD, derived from copies of the early 1980s releases.

The movie was remastered from the original 16 mm film negative by Apple in 1992, with a few of those scenes used in The Beatles Anthology documentary. After additional remastering, a DVD release was planned to accompany the 2003 release of Let It Be... Naked, including a second DVD of bonus material,^[17] but it never materialised. In February 2007, Apple Corps' Neil Aspinall said, "The film was so controversial when it first came out. When we got halfway through restoring it, we looked at the outtakes and realised: this stuff is still controversial. It raised a lot of old issues."^[41]

An anonymous industry source told the Daily Express in July 2008 that, according to Apple insiders, McCartney and Starr blocked the release of the film on DVD. The two were concerned about the effect on the band's "global brand ... if the public sees the darker side of the story. Neither Paul nor Ringo would feel comfortable publicising a film showing The Beatles getting on each other's nerves ... There's all sorts of extra footage showing more squabbles but it's unlikely it will ever see the light of day in Paul and Ringo's lifetime."^[42]

  References

Notes

Bibliography

• The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology. Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-8118-2684-8. 
• Lewisohn, Mark (2000) [1992]. The Complete Beatles Chronicle. Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-60033-5. 
• Matteo, Stephen (2004). Let It Be. 33⅓ series. Continuum International. ISBN 0-8264-1634-9. 
• Sulpy, Doug; Schweighardt, Ray (1999). Get Back: The Unauthorized Chronicle of the Beatles' Let it Be Disaster. Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-19981-3. 
• Unterberger, Richie (2006). The Unreleased Beatles: Music & Film. Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-892-3. 

  External links

• Let It Be at AllRovi
• Let It Be at the Internet Movie Database
• / Let It Be at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Beatles' legendary 'Rooftop Concert', seemingly 'full version' (Youtube).