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Significations et usages de Snail

Définition

snail (n.)

1.edible terrestrial snail usually served in the shell with a sauce of melted butter and garlic

2.freshwater or marine or terrestrial gastropod mollusk usually having an external enclosing spiral shell

snail (v.)

1.gather snails"We went snailing in the summer"

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Merriam Webster

SnailSnail (snāl), n. [OE. snaile, AS. snægel, snegel, snægl; akin to G. schnecke, OHG. snecko, Dan. snegl, Icel. snigill.]
1. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of numerous species of terrestrial air-breathing gastropods belonging to the genus Helix and many allied genera of the family Helicidæ. They are abundant in nearly all parts of the world except the arctic regions, and feed almost entirely on vegetation; a land snail. (b) Any gastropod having a general resemblance to the true snails, including fresh-water and marine species. See Pond snail, under Pond, and Sea snail.

2. Hence, a drone; a slow-moving person or thing.

3. (Mech.) A spiral cam, or a flat piece of metal of spirally curved outline, used for giving motion to, or changing the position of, another part, as the hammer tail of a striking clock.

4. A tortoise; in ancient warfare, a movable roof or shed to protect besiegers; a testudo. [Obs.]

They had also all manner of gynes [engines] . . . that needful is [in] taking or sieging of castle or of city, as snails, that was naught else but hollow pavises and targets, under the which men, when they fought, were heled [protected], . . . as the snail is in his house; therefore they cleped them snails. Vegetius (Trans.).

5. (Bot.) The pod of the sanil clover.

Ear snail, Edible snail, Pond snail, etc. See under Ear, Edible, etc. -- Snail borer (Zoöl.), a boring univalve mollusk; a drill. -- Snail clover (Bot.), a cloverlike plant (Medicago scuttellata, also, M. Helix); -- so named from its pods, which resemble the shells of snails; -- called also snail trefoil, snail medic, and beehive. -- Snail flower (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Phaseolus Caracalla) having the keel of the carolla spirally coiled like a snail shell. -- Snail shell (Zoöl.), the shell of snail. -- Snail trefoil. (Bot.) See Snail clover, above.

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Définition (complément)

⇨ voir la définition de Wikipedia

Synonymes

snail (n.)

escargot

Locutions

Aldabra banded snail • Allyn Smith's banded snail • Anchialine pool snail • Archer's toothed land snail • Armigerous river snail • Azalia Snail • Badwater snail • Banded dune snail • Banff Springs snail • Bermuda land snail • Bicolor cactus snail • Black turban snail • Bliss Rapids snail • Boulder pile mountain snail • Boulder snail • Burgundy snail • California brackish water snail • Catalina mountain snail • Cheatum's snail • Chinese mystery snail • Chittenango ovate amber snail • Clench's middle-toothed land snail • Coahuilix de hubbs snail • Concentrated snail • Cone snail • Decollate snail • Desmoulin's whorl snail • Durangonella de Coahuila snail • Dutton's river snail • Eastern mud snail • Edible Snail • Elk River file snail • Emerald green snail • Enterprise spring snail • European brown snail • Flamingo tongue snail • Flat-spired three-toothed snail • Franklin Mountain talus snail • Franklin Mountain woodland snail • Fraternal snail • Freshwater snail • Gabb's snail • Geniculate river snail • Giant African land snail • Grand Championship Snail Race • Granulated Tasmanian snail • Granulated tasmanian snail • Green tree snail • Grove snail • Have You Seen This Snail? • Helicoid spring snail • Iwasaki's Snail-eater • Jay's river snail • Jones' middle-toothed land snail • Karok indian snail • Land snail • Lava rock mountain snail • Lord Howe Flax Snail • Madeiran land snail • Magazine Mountain middle-toothed snail • Mainstream river snail • Manus green tree snail • Miller's snail • Mitchell's rainforest snail • Morongo desert snail • Mount Matafao different snail • Muddy Valley turban snail • Muddy valley turban snail • New Mexico hotspring snail • New Zealand flax snail • New Zealand mud snail • Newcomb's snail • Northern moon snail • O'ahu tree snail • On the Trail with Miss Snail Pail • One Light Year at Snail Speed • Pahranagat Valley turban snail • Pahranagat valley turban snail • Painted snake-coiled forest snail • Paludiscala de oro snail • Phantom cave snail • Pilsbry's narrow-apertured land snail • Plain cactus snail • Plant's gulella snail • Polynesian Tree Snail • Ponderous spring snail • Pondoland cannibal snail • Prickly pear island snail • Prickly pear snail • Ramshorn snail • Real Snail Mail • Rock snail • Rugged river snail • San clemente island blunt-top snail • San clemente island snail • San nicolas island snail • Sand grain snail • Santa barbara island snail • Scaly snail • Sculpin snail • Sebadoh/Azalia Snail Split • Seminole spring snail • Short Samoan tree snail • Snail (disambiguation) • Snail Farming • Snail Kite • Snail Mail No More • Snail Maze • Snail Shell Cave • Snail darter • Snail darter controversy • Snail farming • Snail fur • Snail mail • Snail pellet • Snail pellets • Snail race • Snail races • Snail racing • Snail ranching • Snail telegraph • Snail trail • Snail-case caddisfly • Snail-eating Coua • Snail-eating Snake • Snake river physa snail • Sopwith Snail • Spiny river snail • Strange many-whorled land snail • The Last Great Snail Chase • The Snail • Thousand Palms desert snail • Tongaland cannibal snail • Tree snail • Trinity bristle snail • Tulip snail • Utah roundmouth snail • Verrucose file snail • Virginia fringed mountain snail • Vortex banded mountain snail • Walton's banded mountain snail • Wekiwa spring snail • Western three-toothed land snail • White desert snail • White river snail • White-lipped snail • Whorled mountain snail • World Snail Racing Championships • Wreathed cactus snail

Dictionnaire analogique

Wikipedia

Snail

                   
  Helix pomatia, a species of land snail.
  Helix pomatia sealed in its shell with a calcareous epiphragm.


Snail is a common name which is applied to most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have coiled shells in the adult stage. When the word is used in its most general sense, it includes sea snails, land snails and freshwater snails. The word snail without any qualifier is however more often applied to land snails than to those from the sea or freshwater. Snail-like animals that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are often called slugs, and land species that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are called semislugs. Some organisms that are not gastropods, such as the monoplacophora, may informally be referred to as snails.

Contents

  Overview

SeaSnails.ogg
 
  50 second video of snails (most likely Natica chemnitzi and Cerithium stercusmuscaram) feeding on the sea floor in the Sea of Cortez, Puerto Peñasco, Mexico

Snails that respire using a lung belong to the group Pulmonata, while those with gills form a paraphyletic group; in other words, snails with gills are divided into a number of taxonomic groups that are not necessarily more closely related to each other than they are related to some other groups. Snails with lungs and with gills have diversified so widely over geological time that a few species with gills can be found on land, numerous species with a lung can be found in freshwater, and a few marine species have lungs.

Snails can be found in a very wide range of environments including ditches, deserts, and the abyssal depths of the sea. Although many people are familiar with terrestrial snails, land snails are in the minority. Marine snails constitute the majority of snail species, and have much greater diversity and a greater biomass. Numerous kinds of snail can also be found in fresh waters. Most snails have thousands of microscopic tooth-like structures located on a ribbon-like tongue called a radula. The radula works like a file, ripping the food into small pieces. Many snails are herbivorous, eating plants or rasping algae from surfaces with the radula, though a few land species and many marine species are omnivores or predatory carnivores.

Several species of the genus Achatina and related genera are known as Giant African land snails; some grow to 15 in (38 cm) from snout to tail, and weigh 1 kilogram (2 lb).[1] The largest living species of sea snail is Syrinx aruanus which has a shell that can measure up to 90 cm (35 in) in length, and the whole animal with the shell can weigh up to 18 kg (40 lb).

  Types of snails by habitat

  Slugs

Gastropod species which lack a conspicuous shell are commonly called slugs rather than snails, although, other than having a reduced shell or no shell at all, there are really no appreciable differences between a slug and a snail except in habitat and behavior. A shell-less animal is much more maneuverable and compressible, and thus even quite large land slugs can take advantage of habitats or retreats with very little space, squeezing themselves into places that would be inaccessible to a similar-sized snail, such as under loose bark on trees or under stone slabs, logs or wooden boards lying on the ground.

Taxonomic families of land slugs and sea slugs occur within numerous larger taxonomic groups of shelled species. In other words, the reduction or loss of the shell has evolved many times independently within several very different lineages of gastropods, thus the various families of slugs are very often not closely related to one another.

  Snails in cuisine

  Escargot cooked with garlic and parsley butter in a shell (with a €0.02 coin, approx 19 mm across, as a scale object).
  Land snails (Scutalus sp.) on a Moche pot, 200 AD. Larco Museum Collection, Lima, Peru.

Apart from being relished as gourmet food, several species of land snails provide an easily harvested source of protein to many people in poor communities around the world. Many land snails are valuable because they can feed on a wide range of agricultural wastes such as shed leaves in banana plantations. In some countries Giant African Land Snails are produced commercially for food. Land snails, freshwater snails and sea snails are all eaten in a number of countries (principally Spain, Philippines, Morocco, Nigeria, Algeria, France, Sicily, Portugal, Greece, Belgium, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Cyprus, Ghana, Malta, Terai of Nepal, several regions of India, southwestern China and parts of the U.S.A.). In certain parts of the world snails are fried. For example, in Bali they are fried as satay, a dish known as sate kakul. The eggs of certain snail species are eaten in a fashion similar to the way caviar is eaten.

Apart from snails and slugs appearing in cuisine as luxuries, they have occasionally been used as famine food in historical times. Variants of the following event have occurred in Europe from time to time:

In a popular publication quoted below occurs the following notice of a well-known land mollusk, in connection with a traditionary story of the plague, which has long had general currency in Scotland: ‘In the woodlands, the more formidable black nude slug, the Anon or Limax den, will also be often encountered. It is a huge voracious creature, herbivorous, feeding, to Barbara’s astonishment, on tender plants; fruits, as strawberries, apples; and even turnips and mushrooms; appearing morning and evening, or after rain; suffering severely in its concealment in long droughts, and remaining torpid in winter. The gray field slug (Limax agrestis) is actually recommended to be swallowed by consumptive patients! In the town of Dundee there exists a strange traditionary story of the plague, connected with the conversion, from dire necessity of the Arionaten, or black slug, to a use similar to that which the luxurious Romans are said to have made of the great apple-snail. Two young and blooming maidens lived together at that dread time, like Bessie Bell and Mary Gray, in a remote cottage on the steep (indeed almost perpendicular) ascent of the Bonnetmaker’s Hill. Deprived of friends or support by the pestilence that walked at noonday, they still retained their good looks and healthful aspect, even when the famine had succeeded to the plague. The jaundiced eyes of the famine-wasted wretches around them were instantly turned towards the poor girls, who appeared to thrive so well whilst others were famishing. They were unhesitatingly accused of witchcraft, and had nearly fallen a prey to that terrible charge; for betwixt themselves they had sworn never to tell in words by what means they were supported, ashamed as they felt of the resource to which they had been driven; and resolved, if possible, to escape the anticipated derision of their neighbours on its disclosure. It was only when about to be dragged before their stern inquisitors, that one of the girls, drawing aside the covering of a great barrel which stood in a corner of their domicile, discovered, without violating her oath, that the youthful pair had been driven to the desperate necessity of collecting and preserving for food large quantities of these Limacinoe, which they ultimately acknowledged to have proved to them generous and even agreeable sustenance. To the credit of the times of George Wishart—a glimpse of pre-reforming enlightenment—the explanation sufficed; the young women escaped with their lives, and were even applauded for their prudence.[2]

  Agriculture

In addition to the farming of edible snails, they also impact agriculture as a pest. Snails and slugs destroy crops by eating roots, leaves, stems and fruits. They are able to abrade and consume a large variety of plants with the abrasive radula. Metaldehyde-containing baits are frequently used for snail control, though they should be used with caution as they are toxic to dogs and cats.[3]

  Cultural depictions

Due to its slowness, the snail has traditionally been seen as a symbol of laziness. In Christian culture, it has been used as a symbol of the deadly sin of sloth.[4][5] Psalms 58:8 uses snail slime as a metaphorical punishment.

Snails were widely noted and used in divination.[4] The Greek poet Hesiod wrote that snails signified the time to harvest by climbing the stalks, while the Aztec moon god Tecciztecatl bore a snail shell on his back. This symbolised rebirth; the snail's penchant for appearing and disappearing was analogised with the moon.[6]

Professor Ronald Chase of McGill University in Montreal has suggested that the ancient myth of Cupid's arrows might be based on early observations of the love dart behavior of the land snail species Helix aspersa.[7]

In contemporary speech, the expression "a snail's pace" is often used to describe a slow, inefficient process. The phrase "snail mail" is used to mean regular postal service delivery of paper messages as opposed to the delivery of e-mail or electronic mail, which can be virtually instantaneous.

  See also

  References

  1. ^ Fredericks, Anthony D. (2010-03-31). How Long Things Live. Stackpole Books. p. 73. ISBN 9780811736220. http://books.google.com/books?id=3fJTjqowJqEC&pg=PT73. Retrieved 19 June 2012. 
  2. ^ Chambers, Robert. Domestic annals of Scotland, from the reformation to the revolution. Pub: W. & R. Chambers 1858. May be downloaded from: http://archive.org/details/domesticannalsof02chamiala quoted at http://www.electricscotland.com/history/domestic/vol2ch2c.htm
  3. ^ "Pests in Gardens and Landscapes". University of California, Davis. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7427.html. Retrieved 2010-08-03. 
  4. ^ a b de Vries, Ad (1976). Dictionary of Symbols and Imagery. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company. p. 430. ISBN 0-7204-8021-3. 
  5. ^ Jack Tresidder, Symbols and Their Meanings, New York: Barnes & Noble, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7607-8164-7, p. 41.
  6. ^ Cooper, JC (1992). Symbolic and Mythological Animals. London: Aquarian Press. p. 213. ISBN 1-85538-118-4. 
  7. ^ "Lovebirds and Love Darts: The Wild World of Mating". news.national-geographic.com. National Geographic Society. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/02/0212_040213_lovebirds_2.html. Retrieved 2010-02-21. 

  External links

   
               

 

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