Publicité R▼
musing
muse (v. intr.)
1.have a daydream; indulge in a fantasy
2.have dreamlike musings or fantasies while awake"She looked out the window, daydreaming"
3.reflect deeply on a subject"I mulled over the events of the afternoon" "philosophers have speculated on the question of God for thousands of years" "The scientist must stop to observe and start to excogitate"
muse (n.)
1.the source of an artist's inspiration"Euterpe was his muse"
Muse (n.)
1.in ancient Greek mythology any of 9 daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne; protector of an art or science
2.(MeSH)A potent vasodilator agent that increases peripheral blood flow. It inhibits platelet aggregation and has many other biological effects such as bronchodilation, mediation of inflammation, etc.
musing (adj.)
1.deeply or seriously thoughtful"Byron lives on not only in his poetry, but also in his creation of the 'Byronic hero' - the persona of a brooding melancholy young man" ;
musing (n.)
1.a calm, lengthy, intent consideration
Publicité ▼
Merriam Webster
MuseMuse (?), n. [From F. musse. See Muset.] A gap or hole in a hedge, hence, wall, or the like, through which a wild animal is accustomed to pass; a muset.
Find a hare without a muse. Old Prov.
MuseMuse, n. [F. Muse, L. Musa, Gr. �. Cf. Mosaic, n., Music.]
1. (Class. Myth.) One of the nine goddesses, daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, who presided over song and the different kinds of poetry, and also the arts and sciences; -- often used in the plural. At one time certain other goddesses were considered as muses.
Granville commands; your aid, O Muses, bring:
What Muse for Granville can refuse to sing? Pope.
☞ The names of the Muses and the arts they presided over were: Calliope (Epic poetry), Clio (History), Erato (Lyric poetry), Euterpe (music), Melpomene (Tragedy), Polymnia or Polyhymnia (religious music), Terpsichore (dance), Thalia (comedy), and Urania (astronomy).
2. A particular power and practice of poetry; the inspirational genius of a poet. Shak.
3. A poet; a bard. [R.] Milton.
MuseMuse, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Musing.] [F. muser to loiter or trifle, orig., to stand with open mouth, fr. LL. musus, morsus, muzzle, snout, fr. L. morsus a biting, bite, fr. mordere to bite. See Morsel, and cf. Amuse, Muzzle, n.]
1. To think closely; to study in silence; to meditate. “Thereon mused he.” Chaucer.
He mused upon some dangerous plot. Sir P. Sidney.
2. To be absent in mind; to be so occupied in study or contemplation as not to observe passing scenes or things present; to be in a brown study. Daniel.
3. To wonder. [Obs.] Spenser. B. Jonson.
Syn. -- To consider; meditate; ruminate. See Ponder.
MuseMuse, v. t.
1. To think on; to meditate on.
Come, then, expressive Silence, muse his praise. Thomson.
2. To wonder at. [Obs.] Shak.
MuseMuse, n.
1. Contemplation which abstracts the mind from passing scenes; absorbing thought; hence, absence of mind; a brown study. Milton.
2. Wonder, or admiration. [Obs.] Spenser.
Publicité ▼
⇨ voir la définition de Wikipedia
Muse (n.) (MeSH)
Abbott Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Allphar Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Alprostadil (MeSH), Astra Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), AstraZeneca Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Caverject (MeSH), Edex (MeSH), Hoyer Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Janssen Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Lipo-PGE1 (MeSH), Minprog (MeSH), Paladin Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), PGE1 (MeSH), PGE1alpha (MeSH), Pharmacia Brand 1 of Alprostadil (MeSH), Pharmacia Brand 2 of Alprostadil (MeSH), Prostaglandin E1 (MeSH), Prostaglandin E1alpha (MeSH), Prostavasin (MeSH), Prostine VR (MeSH), Prostin VR (MeSH), Schwarz Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH), Sugiran (MeSH), Viridal (MeSH), Vivus Brand of Alprostadil (MeSH)
muse (v. intr.)
chew over, consider, contemplate, day, daydream, dream, excogitate, let one's mind wander, meditate, meditate on, moon, mull, mull over, ponder, ponder over, reflect, reflect on, reflect upon, ruminate, speculate, stargaze, think over, woolgather
musing (adj.)
brooding, broody, contemplative, meditative, pensive, pondering, reflective, ruminative, speculative
musing (n.)
cogitation, consideration, contemplation, meditation, meditations, musings, pondering, reflection, reflexion, regard, rumination, thoughtfulness
Voir aussi
muse (v. intr.)
↘ daydreamer, dream, dreaminess, dreamy, languor, meditative, mooniness, pensive, reflective, reverie, revery, thoughtful, vision, woolgatherer, wool-gathering
musing (n.)
↗ ruminate
musing (adj.)
⇨ 10th Muse • Abaltat Muse • Abde Wale Abdul Kadhir Muse • Abdi Wali Abdulqadir Muse • Abduwali Abdukhadir Muse • Able Muse • Alexander Muse • An Ancient Muse • Apache Muse • Bliss (Muse song) • C. Anthony Muse • Clarence Muse • Céilí's Muse • Dangerous Muse • Esayi Abu-Muse • Faith and the Muse • Fanfare for the Comic Muse • Frankie Muse Freeman • Fury (Muse song) • Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse • Hysteria (Muse song) • I Want It All (Dangerous Muse song) • I'll Get By (Muse, 1990) • Invincible (Muse song) • Irma Muse Dixon • Jason Muse • Kenneth Muse • Khaled Ahmed Qassim Muse'd • List of Muse songs • List of awards and nominations received by Muse • List of songs by muse • MUSE (album) • Mohamud Muse Hersi • Munirudeen Adekunle Muse • Murderer's Muse • Muscle Museum (Muse song) • Muse (Band) • Muse (EP) • Muse (Grace Jones album) • Muse (Hong Kong magazine) • Muse (Shan State) • Muse (band) • Muse (comics) • Muse (disambiguation) • Muse (magazine) • Muse Air • Muse Breaks • Muse Entertainment Enterprises • Muse India • Muse Records • Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age • Muse Software • Muse Watson • Muse discography • Muse of Fire • Muse the band • Muse, Oklahoma • Poet and Muse diptych • Project MUSE • Samata's Muse • Secrets of the Muse • Sick Muse • Songs of the Muse • Sunday Muse • Tantrum of the Muse • Tenth Muse • The Muse • The Muse (film) • The Muse (soundtrack) • The Muse (student paper) • The Muse in Arms • The Tenth Muse • The Tragic Muse • The Willing Muse • Tokorozawa Civic Cultural Centre Muse • Travelin' Light (Muse, 1992) • Triadex Muse • Urania (muse) • Victory for the Comic Muse • William Muse
Muse (n.)
Muse[ClasseHyper.]
inspirator[ClasseParExt.]
(art; artistic creation; artistic production)[termes liés]
Greek deity[Hyper.]
Muse (n.) [MeSH]
muse (n.)
muse (v. intr.)
muse (v. intr.)
muse (v. intr.)
réfléchir à une question (fr)[Classe]
cerebrate, cogitate, think[Hyper.]
contemplation, musing, musings, reflection, reflexion, rumination, thoughtfulness - meditation, speculation - muse - contemplator, muller, muser, ponderer, ruminator - inquisitive, questioning, speculative, wondering - reflective - brooding, broody, contemplative, meditative, musing, pensive, pondering, reflective, ruminative, speculative - excogitative[Dérivé]
musing (adj.)
thoughtful[Similaire]
musing (n.)
Wikipedia
The Muses (Ancient Greek: Μοῦσαι, moũsai:[1] perhaps from the o-grade of the Proto-Indo-European root *men- "think"[2]) in Greek mythology, poetry, and literature, are the goddesses of the inspiration of literature, science and the arts. They were considered the source of the knowledge, related orally for centuries in the ancient culture that was contained in poetic lyrics and myths.
Contents |
In Boeotia, the homeland of Hesiod, a tradition persisted[3] that the Muses had once been three in number. Diodorus Siculus, quotes Hesiod to the contrary, observing:
Writers similarly disagree also concerning the number of the Muses; for some say that there are three, and others that there are nine, but the number nine has prevailed since it rests upon the authority of the most distinguished men, such as Homer and Hesiod and others like them.[4]
Diodoris also states (Book I.18) that Osiris first recruited the nine Muses, along with the Satyrs or male dancers, while passing through Ethiopia, before embarking on a tour of all Asia and Europe, teaching the arts of cultivation wherever he went.
The Muses, the personification of knowledge and the arts, especially literature, dance and music, are the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne (memory personified). Hesiod's account and description of the Muses was the one generally followed by the writers of antiquity. It was not until Roman times that the following functions were assigned to them, and even then there was some variation in both their names and their attributes: Calliope -epic poetry; Clio -history; Euterpe -flutes and lyric poetry; Thalia -comedy and pastoral poetry; Melpomene -tragedy; Terpsichore -dance; Erato -love poetry; Polyhymnia -sacred poetry; Urania -astronomy.
Three ancient Muses were also reported in Plutarch's Quaestiones Conviviviales (9.I4.2–4).[5] The Roman scholar Varro relates that there are only three Muses: one who is born from the movement of water, another who makes sound by striking the air, and a third who is embodied only in the human voice. They were Melete or Practice, Mneme or Memory and Aoide or Song.
However the Classical understanding of the muses tripled their triad, set at nine goddesses, who embody the arts and inspire creation with their graces through remembered and improvised song and stage, writing, traditional music, and dance.
In one myth, King Pierus, king of Macedon, had nine daughters he named after the nine Muses, believing that their skills were a great match to the Muses. He thus challenged the Muses to a match, resulting in his daughters, the Pierides, being turned into chattering magpies[6] for their presumption.
Sometimes they are referred to as water nymphs, associated with the springs of Helicon and with Pieris. It was said that the winged horse Pegasus touched his hooves to the ground on Helicon, causing four sacred springs to burst forth, from which the muses were born.[1] Athena later tamed the horse and presented him to the muses.
Antiquity set Apollo as their leader, Apollon Mousagetēs ("Apollo Muse-leader").[7] Not only are the Muses explicitly used in modern English to refer to an artistic inspiration, as when one cites one's own artistic muse, but they also are implicit in words and phrases such as "amuse", "museum" (Latinised from mouseion—a place where the muses were worshipped), "music", and "musing upon".[8]
According to Hesiod's Theogony (7th century BCE), they were daughters of Zeus, the second generation king of the gods, and the offspring of Mnemosyne, goddess of memory. For Alcman and Mimnermus, they were even more primordial, springing from the early deities, Uranus and Gaia. Gaia is Mother Earth, an early mother goddess who was worshipped at Delphi from prehistoric times, long before the site was rededicated to Apollo, possibly indicating a transfer to association with him after that time.
Pausanias records a tradition of two generations of Muses; the first being daughters of Uranus and Gaia, the second of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Another, rarer genealogy is that they are daughters of Harmonia (the daughter of Aphrodite and Ares) which contradicts the myth in which they were dancing at the wedding of Harmonia and Cadmus. This later inconsistency is an example of how clues to the true dating, or chronology, of myths may be determined by the appearance of figures and concepts in Greek myths.[citation needed]
Compare the Roman inspiring nymphs of springs, the Camenae, the Völva of Norse Mythology and also the apsaras in the mythology of classical India.
According to Pausanias in the later 2nd century AD,[9] there were three original Muses, worshiped on Mount Helicon in Boeotia: Aoidē ("song" or "tune"), Meletē ("practice" or "occasion"), and Mnēmē ("memory"). Together, these three form the complete picture of the preconditions of poetic art in cult practice. In Delphi three Muses were worshiped as well, but with other names: Nētē, Mesē, and Hypatē, which are assigned as the names of the three chords of the ancient musical instrument, the lyre. Alternatively they later were called Cēphisso, Apollonis, and Borysthenis, whose names characterize them as daughters of Apollo.
In later tradition, four Muses were recognized: Thelxinoē, Aoedē, Arche, and Meletē, said to be daughters of Zeus and Plusia or of Uranus.
One of the persons frequently associated with the Muses was Pierus. By some he was called the father (by a Pimpleian nymph: called Antiope by Cicero) of a total of seven Muses, called Neilo (Νειλώ), Tritone (Τριτώνη), Asopo (Ἀσωπώ), Heptapora (Ἑπτάπορα), Achelois, Tipoplo (Τιποπλώ), and Rhodia (Ῥοδία).[10]
In one myth, the Muses judged a contest between Apollo and Marsyas. They also gathered the pieces of the dead body of Orpheus, son of Calliope, and buried them. In a later myth, Thamyris challenged them to a singing contest. They won and punished Thamyris by blinding him and robbing him of his singing ability.
Though the Muses, when taken together, form a complete picture of the subjects proper to poetic art, the association of specific Muses with specific art forms is a later innovation. The Muses were not assigned standardized divisions of poetry with which they are now identified until late Hellenistic times.
Muse | Domain | Emblem |
---|---|---|
Calliope | Epic poetry | Writing tablet |
Clio | History | Scrolls |
Erato | Love poetry | Cithara (an ancient Greek musical instrument in the lyre family) |
Euterpe | Song and Elegiac poetry | Aulos (an ancient Greek musical instrument like a flute) |
Melpomene | Tragedy | Tragic mask |
Polyhymnia | Hymns | Veil |
Terpsichore | Dance | Lyre |
Thalia | Comedy | Comic mask |
Urania | Astronomy | Globe and compass |
In Renaissance and Neoclassical art, the dissemination of emblem books such as Cesare Ripa's Iconologia (1593 and many further editions) helped standardize the depiction of the Muses in sculpture and painting, so they could be distinguished by certain props, together with which they became emblems readily identifiable by the viewer, enabling one immediately to recognize the art with which they had become bound.
Calliope (epic poetry) carries a writing tablet; Clio (history) carries a scroll and books; Erato (love/erotic poetry) is often seen with a lyre and a crown of roses; Euterpe (lyric poetry) carries a flute, the aulos; Melpomene (tragedy) is often seen with a tragic mask; Polyhymnia (sacred poetry) is often seen with a pensive expression; Terpsichore (choral dance and song) is often seen dancing and carrying a lyre; Thalia (comedy) is often seen with a comic mask; and Urania (astronomy) carries a pair of compasses and the celestial globe.
Greek mousa is a common noun as well as a type of goddess: it literally means "art" or "poetry". In Pindar, to "carry a mousa" is "to excel in the arts". The word probably derives from the Indo-European root men-, which is also the source of Greek Mnemosyne, English "mind", "mental" and "memory" and Sanskrit "mantra".
The Muses, therefore, were both the embodiments and sponsors of performed metrical speech: mousike (whence the English term "music") was just "one of the arts of the Muses". Others included Science, Geography, Mathematics, Philosophy, and especially Art, Drama, and inspiration. In the archaic period, before the widespread availability of books (scrolls), this included nearly all of learning. The first Greek book on astronomy, by Thales, took the form of dactylic hexameters, as did many works of pre-Socratic philosophy; both Plato and the Pythagoreans explicitly included philosophy as a sub-species of mousike.[11] The Histories of Herodotus, whose primary medium of delivery was public recitation, were divided by Alexandrian editors into nine books, named after the nine Muses.
For poet and "law-giver" Solon,[12] the Muses were "the key to the good life"; since they brought both prosperity and friendship. Solon sought to perpetuate his political reforms by establishing recitations of his poetry—complete with invocations to his practical-minded Muses—by Athenian boys at festivals each year. It was believed[by whom?] that the muses would help inspire people to do their best.
Some authors invoke Muses when writing poetry, hymns, or epic history. The invocation typically occurs at or near the beginning, and calls for help or inspiration, or simply invites the Muse to sing through the author. Some prose authors also call on the aid of Muses, who are called as the true speaker for whom an author is merely a mouthpiece.[13]
Originally, the invocation of the Muse was an indication that the speaker was working inside the poetic tradition, according to the established formulas. For example:
Shakespeare's Sonnet 38 invokes the Tenth Muse:[14]
"How can my Muse want subject to invent,
While thou dost breathe, that pour'st into my verse
Thine own sweet argument?"
The poet asks, and in the opening of the sestet calls upon his muse:
"Be thou the tenth Muse, ten times more in worth
Than those old nine which rhymers invocate."
In modern English usage, muse (non capitalized but deriving from the classical Muses) can refer in general to a person who inspires an artist, writer, or musician.[15]
When Pythagoras arrived at Croton, his first advice to the Crotoniates was to build a shrine to the Muses at the center of the city, to promote civic harmony and learning.
Local cults of the Muses often became associated with springs or with fountains. The Muses themselves were sometimes called Aganippids because of their association with a fountain called Aganippe. Other fountains, Hippocrene and Pirene, were also important locations associated with the Muses. Some sources occasionally referred to the Muses as "Corycides" (or "Corycian nymphs") after a cave on Mount Parnassos, called the Corycian Cave.
The Muses were venerated especially in Boeotia, in the Valley of the Muses near Helicon, and in Delphi and the Parnassus, where Apollo became known as Mousagetes ("Muse-leader") after the sites were rededicated to his cult.
Often Muse-worship was associated with the hero-cults of poets: the tombs of Archilochus on Thasos and of Hesiod and Thamyris in Boeotia all played host to festivals in which poetic recitations accompanied sacrifices to the Muses.
The Library of Alexandria and its circle of scholars formed around a mousaion ("museum" or shrine of the Muses) close to the tomb of Alexander the Great.
Many Enlightenment figures sought to re-establish a "Cult of the Muses" in the 18th century. A famous Masonic lodge in pre-Revolutionary Paris was called Les Neuf Soeurs ("the nine sisters", that is, the nine Muses) - Voltaire, Benjamin Franklin, Danton, and other influential Enlightenment figures attended it. As a side-effect of this movement the word "museum" (originally, "cult place of the Muses") came to refer to a place for the public display of knowledge.
The British poet Robert Graves popularized the concept of the Muse-poet in modern times.[citation needed] His concept was based on pre-12th century traditions of the Celtic poets, the tradition of the medieval troubadours who celebrated the concept of courtly love, and the romantic poets.
No Muse-poet grows conscious of the Muse except by experience of a woman in whom the Goddess is to some degree resident; just as no Apollonian poet can perform his proper function unless he lives under a monarchy or a quasi-monarchy. A Muse-poet falls in love, absolutely, and his true love is for him the embodiment of the Muse... But the real, perpetually obsessed Muse-poet distinguishes between the Goddess as manifest in the supreme power, glory, wisdom, and love of woman, and the individual woman whom the Goddess may make her instrument... The Goddess abides; and perhaps he will again have knowledge of her through his experience of another woman...[16]
The archaic poet Sappho of Lesbos was given the compliment of being called "the tenth Muse" by Plato. The phrase has become a somewhat conventional compliment paid to female poets since. In Callimachus' "Aetia", the poet refers to Queen Berenike, wife of Ptolemy II, as a "Tenth Muse", dedicating both the "Coma Berenikes" and the "Victoria Berenikes" in Books III–IV. French critics have acclaimed a series of dixième Muses who were noted by William Rose Benet in The Reader's Encyclopedia (1948): Marie Lejars de Gournay (1566–1645), Antoinette Deshoulières (1633–1694), Madeleine de Scudéry (1607–1701), and Delphine Gay (1804–1855).
Anne Bradstreet, a Puritan poet of New England, was honored with this title after the publication of her poems in London in 1650, in a volume titled by the publisher as The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America. This was also the first volume of American poetry ever published.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, a Mexican poet, is well known in the Spanish literary world as the tenth Muse.
Gabriele d'Annunzio's 1920 Constitution for the Free State of Fiume was based on the nine Muses and invoked Energeia (energy) as "the tenth Muse". In 1924, Karol Irzykowski published a monograph on cinematography entitled "The Tenth Muse" ("Dziesiąta muza"). Analyzing silent film, he pronounced his definition of cinema: "It is the visibility of man's interaction with reality".
In The Tenth Muse: A historical study of the opera libretto Patrick J. Smith[17] implicitly suggests that the libretto be considered as the tenth muse. The claim, if made explicit, is that the relation of word and music as constituted by the libretto is not only of significant import, but that the critical appreciation of that relation constitutes a crucial element in the understanding of opera.
|
|
Contenu de sensagent
dictionnaire et traducteur pour sites web
Alexandria
Une fenêtre (pop-into) d'information (contenu principal de Sensagent) est invoquée un double-clic sur n'importe quel mot de votre page web. LA fenêtre fournit des explications et des traductions contextuelles, c'est-à-dire sans obliger votre visiteur à quitter votre page web !
Essayer ici, télécharger le code;
SensagentBox
Avec la boîte de recherches Sensagent, les visiteurs de votre site peuvent également accéder à une information de référence pertinente parmi plus de 5 millions de pages web indexées sur Sensagent.com. Vous pouvez Choisir la taille qui convient le mieux à votre site et adapter la charte graphique.
Solution commerce électronique
Augmenter le contenu de votre site
Ajouter de nouveaux contenus Add à votre site depuis Sensagent par XML.
Parcourir les produits et les annonces
Obtenir des informations en XML pour filtrer le meilleur contenu.
Indexer des images et définir des méta-données
Fixer la signification de chaque méta-donnée (multilingue).
Renseignements suite à un email de description de votre projet.
Jeux de lettres
Les jeux de lettre français sont :
○ Anagrammes
○ jokers, mots-croisés
○ Lettris
○ Boggle.
Lettris
Lettris est un jeu de lettres gravitationnelles proche de Tetris. Chaque lettre qui apparaît descend ; il faut placer les lettres de telle manière que des mots se forment (gauche, droit, haut et bas) et que de la place soit libérée.
boggle
Il s'agit en 3 minutes de trouver le plus grand nombre de mots possibles de trois lettres et plus dans une grille de 16 lettres. Il est aussi possible de jouer avec la grille de 25 cases. Les lettres doivent être adjacentes et les mots les plus longs sont les meilleurs. Participer au concours et enregistrer votre nom dans la liste de meilleurs joueurs ! Jouer
Dictionnaire de la langue française
Principales Références
La plupart des définitions du français sont proposées par SenseGates et comportent un approfondissement avec Littré et plusieurs auteurs techniques spécialisés.
Le dictionnaire des synonymes est surtout dérivé du dictionnaire intégral (TID).
L'encyclopédie française bénéficie de la licence Wikipedia (GNU).
Copyright
Les jeux de lettres anagramme, mot-croisé, joker, Lettris et Boggle sont proposés par Memodata.
Le service web Alexandria est motorisé par Memodata pour faciliter les recherches sur Ebay.
La SensagentBox est offerte par sensAgent.
Traduction
Changer la langue cible pour obtenir des traductions.
Astuce: parcourir les champs sémantiques du dictionnaire analogique en plusieurs langues pour mieux apprendre avec sensagent.
calculé en 0,062s